Differences in gut microbiota between allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and skin urticaria: A pilot study

Allergic rhinitis and urticaria prevalence are increasing. The intestinal flora or microbiota may influence their pathogeneses. This study aimed to compare differences between the gut microbiota of people with atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, and chronic urticaria.

The study included 19 participants with eczema, nine with urticaria, and 11 with allergic rhinitis. The microbiota was compared by examining participants’ fecal samples using 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid amplicon sequencing and bioinformatics and statistical analysis.

All three groups of patients had similar clinical data. The microbiota was substantially different between participants with atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, and chronic urticaria, demonstrating gut-skin and gut-nose axes. Bacteroidales species were found in skin allergies more than in allergic rhinitis. This may represent a link between gut flora and skin allergy because gut flora colonies differ significantly between them.

In conclusion, different conditions have heterogeneous microbiota. Bacteroidales species could represent a link between gut flora and skin allergy, with Bacteroids Plebeius DSM 17135 being significantly associated with urticaria. Ruminococcaceae is also associated with allergic diseases.